Penalty Clauses & Liquidated Damages: The UK Supreme Court considers over 100 years of law and provides useful guidance in determining what is a Penalty Clause

Charles Edwin Edwards MSt(Cantab) MSc(Lond) FCInstCES Barrister “…The essence of a penalty is a payment of money stipulated as in terrorem of  the offending party; the essence of liquidated damages is a genuine covenanted pre-estimate of damage…” Lord Dunedin at page 86 in Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Co Ltd v New Garage & Motor Co Ltd […]

JCT Building Contract – Defects – What is an appropriate deduction and how should it be calculated

Charles Edwards MSt(Cantab) MSc(Lond) FCInstCES Barrister (Head of Chambers, Gray’s Inn Construction Chambers) “…The bitterness of poor quality remains long after the sweetness of low price is forgotten…” Benjamin Franklin JCT BUILDING CONTRACT – DEFECTS: WHAT IS AN ‘APPROPRIATE DEDUCTION’ AND HOW SHOULD IT BE CALCULATED? GUIDANCE FROM THE HIGH COURT (TCC) Charles Edwards, construction barrister […]